I-Ultraviolet (UV) imisebe ye-electromagnetic ewela ngaphakathi kwe-spectrum yokukhanya phakathi kokukhanya okubonakalayo nama-x ray. I-UV LED diode ihlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-UVA, i-UVB, ne-UVC. Ukukhanya kwe-UVC, okunobude beza obufushane kakhulu namandla aphezulu, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo ngoba kungabulala noma kwenze amagciwane amaningi asebenze, okuhlanganisa amagciwane, amagciwane, nesikhunta.

Ukukhipha imisebe eqondile yomzimba womuntu ngokukhanya kwe-UV akunconyelwe ukuvala inzalo ngoba imisebe ye-UV ingadala umonakalo esikhumbeni nasemehlweni. Ukukhanya kwe-UVC, ikakhulukazi, kungabangela ukushiswa yilanga, umdlavuza wesikhumba, namakhathakhatha futhi kulimaze i-DNA yamaseli aphilayo. Ngakho-ke, akuphephile ukukhanyisela umzimba womuntu ngokuqondile ngokukhanya kwe-UV, njengoba kungabangela ukulimala. Kunalokho, ukukhanya kwe-UV kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvala indawo noma izinto, ezifana nemishini yezokwelapha, noma ukuhlanza umoya noma amanzi.

Kuhle futhi ukubalula ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kuyasetshenziswa kwezinye izibani ze-UV-C ekhaya okufanele zibulale amagciwane namagciwane, kepha lezi zibani kungenzeka zingasebenzi kahle njengemithombo yokukhanya ye-UV-C esetshenziswa ezibhedlela kanye amalebhu. Sicela ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kanye nemiphumela yako yokuvala inzalo.

Ukukhanya kwe-UVC nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekubulaleni inzalo

Ukukhanya kwe-UVC, okwaziwa nangokuthi "i-Germicidal UV," uhlobo lwemisebe ye-ultraviolet enobubanzi be-wavelength obungu-200-280 nm. Iwuhlobo olusebenza kahle kakhulu lwesibani se-UV ekuvaleni inzalo ngoba inobude obufushane wamaza namandla aphakeme kakhulu, ayivumela ukuthi ingene futhi ilimaze

I-DNA yama-microorganisms, ukuwabulala noma ukuwenza angasebenzi. Lokhu kuyenza ibe ithuluzi eliphumelelayo lokubulala amagciwane amaningi, okuhlanganisa amagciwane, amagciwane, nesikhunta.

Ukukhanya kwe-UVC kusetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo ezahlukahlukene ngezinjongo zokuvala inzalo, okuhlanganisa izibhedlela, amalabhorethri, nezindawo ezilungisa ukudla. Ezibhedlela nasemalabhorethri, ukukhanya kwe-UVC kusetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo ebusweni namathuluzi, njengamathuluzi okuhlinza, ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwezifo. Ngokufanayo, ezimbonini ezilungisa ukudla, ukukhanya kwe-UVC kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza amanzi nomoya ukuze kuvinjwe ukukhula kwezilwanyana ezincane ezingase zonakalise ukudla.

Amalambu namalambu e-UVC abuye asetshenziswe ezintweni zokuhlanza umoya namanzi ukuze zisetshenziswe ekhaya. Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C ngaphakathi kwalezi zixhobo kufanele kucekele phansi amagciwane, amagciwane, nezinye izinto ezincane ezisemoyeni noma emanzini, kwenze kuphephe ukuphefumula noma ukuphuza. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lezi zibani kungenzeka zingasebenzi njengemithombo yokukhanya ye-UV-C esetshenziswa ezibhedlela nasemalebhu.

Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UVC akufanele nanini kusetshenziselwe ukuthungela umzimba womuntu ngokuqondile njengoba kungabangela ukulimala kwesikhumba namehlo, ukushiswa yilanga, umdlavuza wesikhumba, nolwelwesi lwama-cataract, futhi kungalimaza i-DNA yamangqamuzana aphilayo.

Ukukhanyisa okuqondile komzimba womuntu ngokukhanya kwe-UV

Ukukhipha imisebe eqondile yomzimba womuntu ngokukhanya kwe-UV, okwakwaziwa nangokuthi ukwelapha ukukhanya kwe-UV, akunconyelwe ukuvala inzalo nanoma iyiphi enye injongo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imisebe ye-UV ingalimaza isikhumba namehlo. Ukukhanya kwe-UVC, ikakhulukazi, kungabangela ukushiswa yilanga, umdlavuza wesikhumba, namakhathakhatha, kulimaze i-DNA yamaseli aphilayo.

Imisebe ye-UV ingaphazamisa futhi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, senze kube lula ukungenwa izifo. Ngakho-ke, imisebe eqondile yomzimba womuntu ngokukhanya kwe-UV kufanele kugwenywe. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kufanele kubulale kuphela indawo noma izinto noma kuhlanze umoya noma amanzi. Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa kokukhanya kwe-UV, kufanele kunikezwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe bezempilo kanye negiya lokuzivikela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV kungase kuthinte kabi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, kusenze sibe sengozini yokuthola izifo. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okuqondile komzimba womuntu ngokukhanya kwe-UV akukhuthazwa. Esikhundleni salokho, imojuli eholwa yi-UV kufanele isetshenziselwe kuphela ukuvala indawo noma izinto noma ukuhlanza umoya noma amanzi. Uma kudingeka ukwelashwa kokukhanya kwe-UV, kufanele kunikezwe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe kanye negiya lokuzivikela.

Ubungozi obungaba khona ngenxa yemisebe ye-UV

Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet (UV) ingaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yomuntu, okuhlanganisa ukulimala kwesikhathi esifushane kanye nesikhathi eside. Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela ukulimala esikhumbeni, emehlweni, namasosha omzimba, okwandisa amathuba okuba nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza. Ezinye izinhlobo zomonakalo kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezihlobene nemisebe ye-UV ziyi:

Ukulimala Kwesikhumba

Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zesikhumba, ezihlanganisa ukushiswa yilanga, umdlavuza wesikhumba nokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukushiswa yilanga, okubangelwa ukuchayeka ngokweqile emisebeni ye-UV, kungabangela ububomvu, ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba. Ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV isikhathi eside kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba, ongabulala uma ungelashwa. Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela nokuguga kwesikhumba ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okuholela ekubeni imibimbi, amabala okuguga, nezinye izimpawu zokuguga.

Ukulimala Kwamehlo

Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela nokulimala kwamehlo, okuholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ulwelwesi lwamehlo, ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nokukhula nomdlavuza wamehlo. I-cataract, ukufiphala kwelensi yemvelo yeso, iyimbangela ehamba phambili yobumpumputhe emhlabeni wonke. Ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala (AMD) kuyisizathu esikhulu sokulahlekelwa umbono kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Zombili lezi zifo zamehlo zihlotshaniswa nokuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-UV.

Amasosha omzimba

Imisebe ye-UV ingaphazamisa futhi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, senze kube lula ukungenwa izifo. Imisebe ye-UV ingalimaza i-DNA yamangqamuzana, okuholela ekuguqukeni kwezakhi ezingaholela emdlavuzeni. Imisebe ye-UV ingacindezela futhi isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni, isenze singakwazi ukulwa nezifo.

Umdlavuza

Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emisebeni ye-UV kungandisa ingozi yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomdlavuza, njengomdlavuza wesikhumba, i-melanoma, nomdlavuza wamehlo. I-melanoma, uhlobo olubi kakhulu lomdlavuza wesikhumba, ingabulala uma ingatholwa futhi yelashwe kusenesikhathi.

Imisebe ye-UV ingabangela imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene yezempilo, kuhlanganise nokulimala kwesikhumba, ukulimala kwamehlo, ukulimala kwamasosha omzimba, nokwanda kwengozi yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuchayeka emisebeni ye-UV ngokuhlala ungangeni elangeni phakathi namahora ashisa kakhulu, ugqoke izingubo zokuzivikela, nokusebenzisa umuthi ovikela ilanga.

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya kwe-UV ukuze kubulawe inzalo

Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet (UV) sekusetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka njengendlela yokuvala inzalo nokubulala amagciwane ngenxa yekhono lakhona lokuvala ama-microorganisms afana namagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta. Imojula eholwa yi-UV ingasetshenziswa ukuvala amagciwane ezinhlobonhlobo zezindawo nezinto, kanye nokuhlanza umoya namanzi. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhanya kwe-UV zisetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo: i-UV-C ne-UV-A/B.

Ukuvalwa kwe-UV-C

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C, okubuye kwaziwe nge-"germicidal UV," iwuhlobo oluvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu lokukhanya kwe-UV ukuze kubulawe inzalo. Lolu hlobo lwe-UV led diode lunobude begagasi obuphakathi kwama-nanometers (nm) angu-200 no-280 (nm), okuwububanzi obusebenza kahle kakhulu bokwenza amagciwane angasebenzi.

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kungabulala amagciwane ezindaweni eziningi nezinto, okuhlanganisa imishini yezokwelapha, izindawo zaselabhorethri, nomoya namanzi. Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kuyasetshenziswa nasezihlanzini zomoya ukubulala isikhunta namagciwane nasezihlanzini zamanzi ukuze zenze amagciwane anjengamabhaktheriya namagciwane angasebenzi.

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kungalethwa ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene anjengamalambu e-UV, amabhokisi okukhanya e-UV, amarobhothi e-UV-C, nomoya we-UV-C wokubulala amagciwane namanzi e-UV. Lawa madivaysi angasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezivalekile njengezibhedlela, amalebhu, nezindawo zokucubungula ukudla ukuze kubulawe amagciwane endaweni nomoya kanye nokuhlanza amanzi.

Isibani se-UV-C sokuvalwa inzalo kuthathwa njengokuphephile uma sisetshenziswa endaweni elawulwayo nangaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuchayeka ekukhanyeni kwe-UV-C kungalimaza isikhumba namehlo, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokugwema ukuchayeka okuqondile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthandwa kwayo kungenxa yekhono layo lokubulala amagciwane ngokushesha futhi lingashiyi insalela ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo. Nokho, kufanele isetshenziswe ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe ukuze kugwenywe ukulimaza abantu.

Ukwenziwa inzalo kwe-UV-A/B

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-A kanye ne-UV-B, okunobude beza beza amade kunokukhanya kwe-UV-C, nakho kusetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Ukukhanya kwe-UV-A kunobude begagasi obuphakathi kuka-315 no-400 nm, futhi ukukhanya kwe-UV-B kunobude obuphakathi kuka-280 no-315 nm. Nakuba kungasebenzi njengokukhanya kwe-UV-C emagciwaneni angasebenzi, ukukhanya kwe-UV-A ne-UV-B kusengasetshenziselwa ukuvala amagciwane ezindaweni ezithile nezinto, njengokupakishwa kokudla nezindwangu.

Ngokwesibonelo, embonini yokudla, ukukhanya kwe-UV-A ne-UV-B kungasetshenziswa ukuvala inzalo ekupakishweni kokudla neziqukathi ngokubulala amagciwane nezinye izilokazane ezincane ezingadala ukonakala kokudla.

Ngokunjalo, ukukhanya kwe-UV-A kanye ne-UV-B kungabuye kusetshenziselwe ukuvala inzalo izindwangu, njengezingubo zokugqoka nezokulala, ngokubulala amagciwane namanye amagciwane angabangela iphunga namabala.

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-A ne-UV-B kuyizinto ezibulala amagciwane emoyeni, kodwa akusebenza kahle kunokukhanya kwe-UV-C. Lolu hlobo lwe-UV led diode lungalethwa ngamadivayisi ahlukahlukene njengamalambu e-UV, amabhokisi okukhanya e-UV, isibulala-magciwane samanzi e-UV, nezihlanzi zomoya ze-UV-A/B.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UV-A ne-UV-B kungalimaza isikhumba namehlo, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokugwema ukuchayeka okuqondile. Izibani ze-UV-A ne-UV-B kufanele zisetshenziswe endaweni elawulwayo nangaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe ukuze kugwenywe ukulimaza abantu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhanya kwe-UV-A kanye ne-UV-B akusebenzi njengokukhanya kwe-UV-C ekwenzeni amagciwane angasebenzi, kodwa kusengasetshenziselwa ukuvala amagciwane izinhlobo ezithile zezindawo nezinto, njengokupakishwa kokudla nezindwangu. Nokho, ukuzisebenzisa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe kubalulekile ukuze ugweme ukulimaza abantu.

Abakhiqizi abaholwa yi-UV bahlinzeka ngokukhanya ukuvala inzalo ezindaweni ezivalekile njengezibhedlela, amalabhorethri, nezitshalo zokucubungula ukudla. Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kusetshenziselwa ukubulala amagciwane komoya nendawo ngokufaka amalambu e-UV ezinhlelweni ze-HVAC, imojuli eholwa yi-UV, namarobhothi e-UV-C.

Okokugcina, ukukhanya kwe-UV kuyindlela enamandla nesebenzayo yokuvala inzalo engasetshenziswa ukuvala amagciwane anhlobonhlobo. Ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kuyindlela esebenza kahle kakhulu yokukhanya kwe-UV yokuvala inzalo, kodwa ukukhanya kwe-UV-A ne-UV-B nakho kungasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezithile.

Amalambu e-UV-C ekhaya nokusebenza kwawo

Amalambu e-UV-C akhipha ukukhanya kwe-UV-C futhi angasetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo ekhaya. Lawa malambu angabulala amagciwane ezindaweni ezingaphezulu, njengezindawo zokubala kanye nezibambo zeminyango, kanye nokubulala amagciwane komoya ezindaweni ezivalekile, njengamagumbi kanye nezingubo zokugqoka.

Amalambu e-UV-C angasebenza ngempumelelo ekuvimbeni ama-microorganisms ezindaweni lapho esetshenziswa kahle.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke amalambu e-UV-C adalwe alingana, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwesibani se-UV-C kungahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nokuqina nesikhathi sokukhanya kwe-UV-C. Ibanga eliphakathi kwesibani nendawo lapho kufakwa khona amagciwane.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhanya kwe-UV-C kungabangela ukukhathazeka kwezempilo, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokugwema ukuchayeka ngokuqondile. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa amalambu e-UV-C ekhaya kunconywa kuphela ngokuqondiswa kochwepheshe.

Amalambu e-UV-C angasebenza ngempumelelo ekuvimbeni ama-microorganisms ezindaweni lapho esetshenziswa kahle. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke amalambu e-UV-C adalwe alingana, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwesibani se-UV-C kungahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nobude namandla okukhanya kwe-UV-C.

Ingabe ukukhanya kwe-UV kungena emzimbeni womuntu?

Yebo, liyakwenza.

Ukukhanya okunamaza amade amade kungangena kungene esikhunjeni. Ukukhanya ku-spectrum ye-UV ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswa njenge-UV-C (200 kuya ku-280 nm), i-UV-B (280 kuya ku-320 nm), noma i-UV-A. (320 ukuze 400 nm).

Ekugcineni, ukukhanya okunobude beza obuzungeza phakathi kwe-ultraviolet (UVB) kuyimbangela yomdlavuza kakhulu. Itholakala nasezindaweni (ezibangelwa ukukhanya kwelanga) lapho ungqimba lwe-ozone luncane.

Isiphetho nezincomo

Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet, ikakhulukazi ukukhanya kwe-UV-C, kungasetshenziselwa ukuvala inzalo ngokukhanyisa ama-microorganisms ngokuqondile nokuwavala. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhanya okuqondile komzimba womuntu ngabakhiqizi be-UV led akuncomi ngoba kungabangela ukulimala esikhumbeni nasemehlweni.

Ukukhanya kwe-UV-A kanye ne-UV-B, okunobude beza obude kunokukhanya kwe-UV-C, kungase futhi kusetshenziselwe ukuvala inzalo ezinhlelweni ezithile ezifana nokupakishwa kokudla nezindwangu. Kodwa iyasebenza kancane kunokukhanya kwe-UV-C.

Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-UV ukuze kubulawe inzalo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe futhi endaweni elawulwayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusetshenziswa okufanele futhi kugwenywe ukulimaza abantu.

Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha lapho usebenzisa noma iyiphi into yokubulala amagciwane emoyeni.