Iibhalbhu zokukhanyisa ziyimfuneko kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Iibhubhu ze-LED eziveliswe ngamabhonkce angama-2835 zinokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngama-80%, kwaye ubude bokuphila ngamaxesha angama-10-20. Umphumo wokonga amandla uyabonakala, iimveliso zihlukeneyo, uyilo luguquguqukayo, kwaye ukufakela kulula. Uthotho lweemveliso ezininzi zihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa zorhwebo. Izibane zokonga umbane mihla le ezisetyenziswa ngabantu zitshintshwa ngokuthe ngcembe zii-LED, kwaye izibane zokonga umbane eziye zakhuthazwa ngamandla lilizwe ziye zaphuma kancinci kancinci kwiimarike. Ingcamango yokukhusela indalo ihlaziywa, kwaye isibane esincinci sokugcina amandla sikwafumana izizukulwana ezithathu zotshintsho. Ingxaki yokuphinda isetyenziswe ngasemva kwayo ifanele ukuqwalaselwa. Mhlawumbi i-bulb encinci yokulondoloza amandla inokuba namandla ngakumbi kubomi obuluhlaza. Izibane zokonga amandla zikwabizwa ngokuba zizibane ezixineneyo ze-fluorescent, ezithathwa njengezinye iindlela zezibane zemveli ze-incandescent ngenxa yokonga kwazo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Isicwangciso saseTshayina sokugcina isibane sokugcina amandla sinembali ende, kwaye urhulumente usungulwe 2008
“Ukukhanya okuluhlaza
”Iiprojekthi, abahlali basezidolophini nabasemaphandleni kunye namashishini asebenzisa izibane zokugcina amandla kwiinkampani eziphumeleleyo banokunandipha ipesenti ethile yenkxaso-mali. Ngelo xesha, izibane zokonga umbane ezizigidi ezingama-62 zakhuthazwa kwilizwe lonke. Ngo-2009, yayiphezulu ukuya kwi-120 yezigidi. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelelanga, urhulumente uye wakhuthaza izibane zokugcina amandla kule minyaka. Igama elisemthethweni lesibane sokugcina amandla sisibane esikhanyayo se-fluorescent somhlaba onqabileyo, owazalelwa kwinkampani yasePhilippine eNetherlands kwi-1970s. Imvelaphi ebonakala ngayo ubukhulu becala kungenxa yophuculo lokuqonda ngokusingqongileyo. Ngaphambili, inkqubo yokukhanyisa inike ingqalelo kuphela kubuninzi. Kwixesha elide elidlulileyo, abantu baye bahamba ngokukhawuleza, kwaye banikela ingqalelo kwisiphumo sokugcina amandla. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kunye nezixhobo zokukhanyisa, imigangatho yokuphila yabantu iyaphuculwa ngokubanzi, imfuno yezixhobo zokukhanyisa iye yanda, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuye kwanda. Ngoko ke, ukuphuhliswa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa eziphezulu kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu yaqala. Ngokunyuka kwamazwi olondolozo lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-emissions, ulwazi lokhuseleko lwendalo luya kuphumelela iintliziyo zeentliziyo zabantu. Izibane zokonga amandla ziye zatsala ingqalelo yoluntu ngenxa yongcoliseko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle okuphantsi ngenxa yezinto ezilahliweyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Nangona kunjalo, imfuno yezibane zokugcina amandla e-China ukuza kuthi ga ngoku isenkulu kakhulu. Ukuba isibane sokugcina amandla silahliwe ngokunzulu ungcoliseko, siyalahlwa kakhulu. Ngokutsho kweengcali ezifanelekileyo, umxholo we-mercury wesibane esiqhelekileyo sokugcina amandla malunga ne-5 mg, eyaneleyo kuphela ukuba ihlanganiswe nenye incam yebhola. Ngenxa yeqondo eliphantsi lokubilisa le-mercury, liyakwazi ukuphuphuma kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Emva kokuba ityhubhu yesibane sokugcina amandla eshiyiweyo iphukile, ukugxilwa kwe-mercury emoyeni ojikelezayo kunokugqithisa umgangatho ngamakhulu amaxesha. Emva kokuba i-mercury ingena emzimbeni womntu idlula umgangatho, iya kutshabalalisa inkqubo ye-nervous central yomntu, kwaye umzimba womntu unokubulawa kwi-inhalation enye ye-2.5 grams ye-mercury steam. Kule meko, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izibane zokulondoloza amandla e-China akuthembanga. Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwemigaqo yokuhlelwa kwenkunkuma, ngaphandle kweevenkile ezimbalwa kakhulu ezifana ne-IKEA, nakwiivenkile ezininzi zokwakha zabucala zekhaya lezixhobo zokwakha ezinezibane zokonga amandla, akukho bhokisi zikhethekileyo zokusebenzisa kwakhona. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abaninzi abathengi abazi ukuba emva kokuba umgangatho webhetri uhlaziywe, ibhetri endala ayinayo i-mercury kwaye ayifuni ukulahla indawo echongiweyo; bathatha isibane esilahliweyo semercury njengonyango lwenkunkuma oluqhelekileyo. Emva kovavanyo lokulinganisa inkunkuma,
“Inkunkuma eyingoziyo
”Kwibhokisi yoluhlu, kunzima kuwe ukufumana izibane ezishiyiweyo zokulondoloza amandla. Enyanisweni, ukukhanya kwekhaya kunezizukulwana ezithathu zotshintsho. Ezi zibane zithathu zikhona ngexesha elinye, kodwa ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, ziyimveliso eqhelekileyo yemarike. Isizukulwana sokuqala sezibane sibhekisela kwizibane eziqhelekileyo ze-incandescent, isizukulwana sesibini sibhekisela kwizibane ze-fluorescent, kwaye isizukulwana sesithathu ngoku siphikisana. I-LED, izibane ze-polar, kunye nabavelisi bokukhanya be-CCFL bonke bathi ziveliswa yimveliso yokukhanyisa isizukulwana sesithathu. Imigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo imisela ukuba ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuOktobha, 2012, ukuthengiswa nokungeniswa kwezibane ze-incandescent ezingaphezu kwe-100 yeewathi ezingaphezu kwe-100 kuya kuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo; kule minyaka mine ilandelayo, izibane incandescent zamandla ahlukeneyo ngokulandelelana, kude kube yi-2016, izibane ze-incandescent ngaphezulu kwe-15 watts ziye zaphuma ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuphuma kwimarike yokukhanyisa. Ngaphambi kokuba izibane ze-incandescent ziphume kwimarike, ukungonakali kwezibane zokonga amandla kwavela ngokuthe ngcembe, ngoko ke izibane ze-LED ezingena kwimarike nazo zikhawuleza kakhulu. Ii-LED zikhokela imarike yentengiso. Ubume bemarike yoshishino luphucule ukhuphiswano kwaye lusavutha. I-LED sisishunqulelo see-diode ezikhanyayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwaziwa njengesibane sombane sombane. Sisixhobo esiqinileyo se-semiconductor. Kucatshangelwa ukusombulula ingxaki yezibane zokulondoloza amandla kunye nokungcola kwe-mercury, kuba ayinayo i-mercury, kwaye inokugcina i-80% yombane. Ubomi benkonzo yiminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kwelishumi. Kwangoko ngeminyaka yoo-1960, uMbane oMkhulu watyala imali kwi-LED. Ngeminyaka yoo-1970, iHongguang LED yaba yeyokuqala ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiikhaltyhuleyitha ezincinci kunye neewotshi zombane. Yonke imibala ye-LED efana neblue, ebomvu, eluhlaza, njl. iya kuboniswa kumashumi eminyaka azayo kwizibane zesalathisi, izibane zomqondiso, umboniso, kunye nokukhanya komhlaba. Kodwa abanakudlala indima kwigumbi lokuhlala lomntu wonke. Akuzange kube ngo-1996 ukuba emva kokuba ukukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED kuphuhliswe, iteknoloji ye-LED yaqala ukudala utshintsho kwintsimi yokukhanyisa ekhaya. Ngokombono wabangaphakathi kwishishini, uphuhliso lwesizukulwana esitsha sobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa sele luqalile, kwaye izibane ze-LED ziyindlela eqhelekileyo. Ishishini lonke likhuphisana nokuphakama komyalelo wetekhnoloji ye-LED. Xa kuthelekiswa nobuchwepheshe bokuqala, amaxabiso aphezulu kunye neqondo eliphantsi lokwamkelwa kwabathengi, imarike ye-LED yalo nyaka iphuculwe kakhulu, kodwa ukhuphiswano lwemarike lusavutha. Iinkampani ezininzi ezineli shishini zivaleleke ezantsi. Abangaphakathi kwishishini bathi ishishini le-LED lisahamba.
![Isibane sokugcina amandla ngokuthe ngcembe siSeta iLanga ye-LED yoTshintsho 1]()
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