4 Amaphuzu Obuchwepheshe Okulawula Izinga lokushisa Okusebenzayo kwe-LED enamandla amakhulu

Ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokukhanyisa i-LED enamandla amakhulu kuya kuba banzi futhi banzi, futhi ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-LED yamandla aphezulu empeleni kuhambisana nesimanje, kanti amandla ahamba phambili e-LED yamandla aphezulu nawo azoshintsha ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Namuhla, ngizothatha wonke umuntu ukuthi afunde mayelana nesizathu sokushisa kwefindo le-LED kanye nendlela yokukhipha ukushisa komthombo wokukhanyisa we-semiconductor we-LED. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje okuthuthukiswa, ukusebenza kahle kwezibani ze-LED kuye kwaba phezulu nangaphezulu, izindleko ziya ngokuya zincipha, futhi imibala iye yanotha futhi yacebile. Lokhu kwenza ama-LED anamandla aphezulu njengomthombo osebenza kahle, owonga amandla, ongaphathani imvelo, nomthombo wokuhlanza ophephile esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Kodwa-ke, inkinga yokukhishwa kokushisa kwezibani ze-LED zamandla aphezulu kuseyibhodlela elikhulu lokuthuthukiswa ekusetshenzisweni kwayo emkhakheni wokukhanyisa. Kuyisizathu esibalulekile sokukhawulela isizukulwane esisha semithombo yokukhanyisa. Idatha yocwaningo ibonisa ukuthi uma i-chip ye-LED inokukhanya okukhanyayo lapho izinga lokushisa lefindo le-chip ye-LED lingu-25 C, khona-ke lapho izinga lokushisa lefindo likhuphukela ku-60 C, inani layo elikhanyayo lizoba ngu-90% kuphela; lapho izinga lokushisa lefindo lifinyelela ku-100 C, lizokwehla libe ngu-80%. ; 140 C ingu-70% kuphela. Kungabonakala ukuthi ukuthuthukisa izinga lokushisa lefindo lokulawula ukuchithwa kokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwalo okukhanyayo. Uma inkinga yokushabalalisa ukushisa kwezibani ze-LED ezinamandla amakhulu ingaxazululeki, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamalambu e-LED lizokhula futhi izinga lokushisa lefindo liyokhula, okuzokwenza ukuthi i-chroma ye-LED isuswe, inkomba yokunikeza umbala iyancipha, izinga lokushisa lombala liyakhuphuka. , ukusebenza kahle kokukhishwa kokukhanya kuyehla, futhi impilo yesevisi izofushaniswa. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-LED yamandla aphezulu empeleni kuhambisana nesimanje. Uma ukuphuma kwe-optical flux ye-high-power LED kulawulwa, kulingana nokulawula ukukhanya kwayo okukhanyayo. Amandla amanje ama-LED anamandla amakhulu azoshintsha nezinga lokushisa. Lapho izinga lokushisa lemvelo lidlula inani elithile (sibiza izinga lokushisa lokuphepha), i-front current ye-LED izoncishiswa ngokuzumayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma yamanje iqhubeka Ngokukhula, izobangela ukuphila kwe-LED ukuba kunciphe. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, izinyathelo ezihambisanayo kufanele zenziwe. Uma isibani sebhamuza samanje kanye nezinga lokushisa elizungezile kuguqulwa, i-high-power LED positive current ingalawuleka ngesikhathi. Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokunxeshezelwa kwezinga lokushisa ukuze ulungise ngokuguquguqukayo okukhiphayo ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile, futhi uqaphe izinga lokushisa le-LED ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuze i-LED enamandla aphezulu ezimweni zokushisa eziphezulu izonciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusebenza kwayo. 1. Isimo samanje semikhiqizo yokukhanyisa ye-LED enamandla amakhulu "i-chip-aluminium substrate-imodi yesakhiwo se-radiator enezingqimba ezintathu" sisetshenziswa iningi lamandla amakhulu okukhanyisa izibani ze-LED emakethe yamanje, okungukuthi, i-chip yokuqala yokupakisha kuma-aluminium substrates. ukuze wakhe imojula yomthombo wokukhanya we-LED, bese Bese ufaka imojula yomthombo wokukhanya kurediyetha ukuze ukwazi ukwenza isibani se-LED esinamandla amakhulu. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kokuqala kwama-LED ukuze kuboniswe izibani nezinkomba kusetshenziswa njengohlelo lokuphatha olushisayo lwama-LED anamandla amakhulu. Le modi yokuphatha okushisayo ikhawulelwe ekusebenziseni i-LED yamandla amancane. Ukukhanyisa kwe-LED okunamandla amakhulu okulungiselelwe imodi yesakhiwo se-three-layer, zisekhona izindawo eziningi ezingenangqondo ngokwesakhiwo sohlelo, njengezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lefindo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nokushisa okuthe xaxa phakathi kwezakhiwo, ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukushisa okuphansi, ukuthintana okwengeziwe ukumelana nokushisa Ngenxa yalokho, ukushisa okukhishwe yi-chip akukwazi ukuhlakazwa ngokuphumelelayo futhi kuthunyelwe ngaphandle, okuholela ekukhanyeni kokukhanya kwe-LED, umphumela wokukhanya okuphansi, nokuphila okufushane. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto eziningi ezifana nesakhiwo, izindleko, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukukhanyisa kwe-LED okunamandla aphezulu kunzima ukwamukela indlela esebenzayo yokukhipha ukushisa, futhi kungathatha kuphela indlela yokukhipha ukushisa okungenzi lutho, kodwa ukuchithwa kokushisa okungenzi lutho kunemikhawulo emikhulu; futhi ukusebenza kahle kwamanje kokuguqulwa kwamandla kwama-LED kusasebenza Hhayi phezulu, cishe u-70 % wamandla okufaka angaguqulelwa ekushiseni, ngisho noma umphumela wokukhanya ukhushulwa ngo-40%, amandla aguqulwa abe ukushisa, okungukuthi, okunzima ukwandisa izinga lokushisa ngaphandle kokucabangela ukuchithwa kokushisa. 2. Izici zemithombo yokukhanya yokukhanyisa kwe-LED zihlukile kumalambu endabuko e-fluorescent, amalambu e-incandescent, namalambu e-halogen. Imithombo yokukhanya yokukhanya kwe-semiconductor ye-LED yenziwe ngezinto ze-semiconductor futhi ehlanganisa i-PN. Ama-acupoints asekelwe ku-elekthronikhi akhiqiza ukukhanya okubonakalayo ngenhlanganisela, i-PN isiqondiso esihle i-Tong, i-reverse cut, lapho indawo engu-N ihambisana ne-electrode engalungile, futhi indawo engu-P ihambisana nesigxobo esihle. Imithombo yokukhanya ye-semiconductor ye-LED inezinzuzo zokusebenza kahle kokukhanya okuphezulu, isikhathi esifushane sokuphendula, ivolumu encane, ukonga amandla nezinye izinzuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibuye ibe nezici zemithombo yokukhanyisa yendabuko: i-2.1 inezici zamadivayisi afanayo we-PN semiconductor: 1) I-voltage enhle yamanje neyangaphambili yi-coefficients yokushisa engalungile, eyancipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka; 2) I-voltage eqondile Kumelwe idlule umkhawulo othile ukuze ikhiqize amandla; 3) Uma ubuyela emuva, akukho okwamanje okungeke kusebenze. 2.2 Kunezici eziningi zokukhawulela izinga lokushisa layo lokusebenza. Imininingwane imi kanje: 1) Ukukhanya kwe-LED kanye ne-positive current kuveza ubudlelwano obuthile bejika. Lapho izinga lokushisa lefindo lidlula inani elithile, ukukhanya kuba buthaka ngokuncipha kwamanje kuya kokwamanje; 2 ) Kumelwe ulinganisele izinga lokushisa lefindo libe ngaphansi kwenani elilinganiselwe elingu-95 C kuya ku-125 C; 3) Uma indawo engaphezulu iqukethe amalensi epulasitiki, izonqunyelwa izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lezinto zelensi. 3. Ukwethulwa kwezinga lokushisa lefindo le-LED 3.1 Isizathu sokushisa kwe-LED okukhiqizwa umkhuhlane we-LED kungenxa yokuthi amandla angeziwe awaguquki wonke abe yindlela yamandla okukhanya, futhi amanye awo aguqulelwe amandla ashisayo. Njengamanje, ukukhanya kwe-LED emakethe cishe ku-100 LM/W. Ngamanye amazwi, cishe u-70% wamandla kagesi amoshwa ngendlela yamandla ashisayo. Ngokuvamile, kunezici ezimbili eziholela ekukhiqizeni izinga lokushisa lefindo le-LED. Kucaciswe kanje: 1) Ukusebenza kahle kwe-quantum kwangaphakathi. Lapho i-acupuncture ne-electronic composite kuhlanganiswa, azikwazi ukukhiqiza ama-photon. Lokhu kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ukuvuza kwamanje", okuyisizathu esenza izinga elihlanganisiwe lokulayisha indawo ye-PN lehliswe. I-voltage ye-voltage evuzayo kanye yamanje amandla okuhlakazeka ale ngxenye, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwamandla ashisayo, kodwa le ngxenye akuyona ingxenye eyinhloko, ngoba ubuchwepheshe bamanje bungenza ukusebenza kahle kwe-photon yangaphakathi kwe-LED kusondele ku-90. %. 2) Cishe ama-30% okusebenza kahle kwe-quantum yangaphandle. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ukuthi ama-photon akhiqizwa ama-loadmons awakwazi ukuguqulwa abe ngaphandle kwe-chip kodwa aguqulelwe ekushiseni. Nakuba izibani ze-incandescent zingaba ngu-15LM/W kuphela, kodwa ekugcineni, zikhipha amandla kagesi ngendlela yamandla okukhanya. Nakuba amandla amaningi emisebe eyi-infrared futhi umphumela wokukhanya uphansi kakhulu, lokhu kuyakhululwa enkingeni yokukhishwa kokushisa. Inkinga yokushabalalisa ukushisa kwe-LED kancane kancane isiphenduke into egxilwa kakhulu ekunakeni kwabantu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuphila kwe-LED noma ukubola kokukhanya kuhlobene ngokuqondile nezinga lokushisa lefindo layo. Uma inkinga yokukhipha ukushisa ingaphathwa kahle. 3.2 Izindlela zokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lefindo le-LED Lawula amandla okufaka alinganiselwe; Ukuklanywa kwesakhiwo sesibili sokukhipha ukushisa; ukunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa phakathi kwesakhiwo sesibili sokulahla ukushisa kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokufakwa kwe-LED sibe sincane; ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elizungezile; ukunciphisa LED ngokwayo ukumelana ezishisayo. 4. Indlela yokukhipha ukushisa yomthombo wokukhanya wokukhanya kwe-semiconductor ye-LED Ngokuvamile, i-radiator ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-passive heat dissipation kanye nokukhipha ukushisa okusebenzayo ngokwendlela yokususa ukushisa. Okubizwa ngokuthi i-passive heat dissipation ibhekisela ekushiseni okukhiqizwa umthombo wokushisa womthombo wokukhanya we-LED emoyeni ngosinki wokushisa. Umphumela wayo wokukhipha ukushisa ulingana nosayizi wethebhulethi yokukhipha ukushisa, kodwa lo mphumela wokukhipha ukushisa awugculisi uma kuqhathaniswa. Edivayisini, noma ngokukhipha ukushisa kwamandla aphansi kanye nokushisa okuphansi, iningi lamadivayisi lithatha ukuchithwa kokushisa okusebenzayo, ukuchithwa kokushisa okusebenzayo ukuthatha ngenkuthalo ukushisa okuvela kusinki wokushisa ngokusebenzisa imishini ethile. Ukusebenza okuphakeme kokukhipha ukushisa kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuqeda ukushisa okusebenzayo futhi kunomthamo omncane uma kuqhathaniswa. Enye indlela ukwenza izingxenye ze-LED ngokusebenzisa i-electrode "eqondile". Ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ama-electrode ensimbi emaphethelweni aphezulu naphansi ezingxenyeni ze-LED, lokhu kungathola usizo olukhulu enkingeni yokukhishwa kokushisa. Isibonelo, i-GAN substrate isetshenziswa njengento esetshenziswayo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-GAN substrate iyinto eqhubayo, i-electrode ingaxhunywa ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwe-substrate ukuze uthole izinzuzo zokuhlakazeka okusheshayo nokukhanya, kodwa ngenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zezinto ezibonakalayo, le ndlela izophinde Ibize kakhulu kunezindleko zendabuko. ama-sapphire substrates, azokhuphula izindleko zokukhiqiza zezingxenye.