Shin hasken UVC yana da tasiri ga ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta?

Kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta sune ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda zasu iya haifar da cututtuka iri-iri da

yanayi. Don hana yaduwar irin waɗannan cututtuka da cututtuka, dole ne a kawar da waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta daga sama da iska. Yin amfani da hasken ultraviolet (UV) hanya ce mai inganci don cimma wannan. Hasken UVC an nuna shine mafi inganci nau'in hasken UV don lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan labarin zai bayyana dalla-dalla menene ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation, yadda yake aiki, da kuma yadda yake tasiri wajen kashe kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Hasken UVC yana da tsayi tsakanin 200 zuwa 280 nanometers (nm). Yana da ɗan gajeren zango fiye da hasken da ake iya gani, da kuma UVA da UVB radiation daga rana wanda aka fallasa mu. Ana kuma san shi da UV germicidal domin yana iya kawar da DNA na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cuta.

Ta yaya Hasken UVC yake Aiki?

UVC radiation yana aiki ta hanyar haifar da lalacewar DNA ga ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ɗaya daga cikin nucleotides guda huɗu waɗanda suka ƙunshi DNA, thymine, suna samar da haɗin gwiwa tare da kwayoyin thymine kusa da su lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa UVC radiation. Wannan yana haifar da samuwar dimer na thymine, wanda ke gurbata tsarin helix na DNA kuma yana hana kwafin DNA. Kwayoyin halitta ba za su iya jurewa kuma su haihu ba tare da ikon yin kwafi ba.

UVC radiation dole ne ya sami daidai tsayin raƙuman ruwa da ƙarfi don yin tasiri. Hasken UVC  Ana auna ƙarfin a cikin microwatts a murabba'in centimita (W/cm2). Ƙarfin ya zama dole don kawar da kwayoyin cuta kuma ƙwayoyin cuta sun dogara ne akan nau'in kwayoyin halitta, nisa tsakanin tushen haske da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, da tsawon lokacin bayyanar.

UVC Radiation da Bacteria

An nuna hasken UVC don yin tasiri a kan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri. A wani nazari, Hasken UVC ya rage adadin kwayoyin Staphylococcus aureus akan saman da kashi 99.9% bayan dakika 5 kawai na fallasa zuwa 0.32 W/cm2 na hasken UVC. Minti ɗaya na fallasa hasken UVC tare da ƙarfin 1.8 W/cm2 ya isa ya kawar da 99.9% na ƙwayoyin cuta na Pseudomonas aeruginosa, bisa ga wani binciken.

Hasken UVC an kuma nuna cewa yana lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu jure wa magunguna da yawa. A cikin binciken daya, daƙiƙa 10 na fallasa hasken UVC a ƙarfin 0.2 W/cm2 ya rage adadin ƙwayoyin cuta na Acinetobacter baumannii da ke jure wa ƙasa da kashi 99.9%. 5 seconds na ɗauka zuwa 0.5 W/cm2  Hasken UVC t ya rage adadin ƙwayoyin cuta na Klebsiella pneumoniae masu jure wa magunguna a saman da kashi 99.9%, bisa ga wani bincike na daban.

UVC Radiation da ƙwayoyin cuta

Ana samun hasken UVC yana da tasiri akan ƙwayoyin cuta iri-iri. A cikin mintuna 15, Hasken UVC  tare da ƙarfin 0.1 W/cm2 ya rage kamuwa da cutar mura A da kashi 99.99%, bisa ga binciken daya. A wani binciken, mintuna 15 na fallasa zuwa Hasken UVC tare da ƙarfin 0.5 W/cm2 ya rage kamuwa da cutar coronavirus ɗan adam OC43 da kashi 99.9%.

Hakanan an nuna cewa yana da inganci ga COVID-19 mai haifar da kwayar cutar SARS-CoV-2 ta hanyar. a irin di kamuwa da cuta . A cikin dakika 25, Hasken UVC  tare da tsananin 0.1 W/cm2 ya rage kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 da kashi 99.9%, a cewar wani bincike. A wani binciken, fallasa zuwa Hasken UVC tare da ƙarfin 0.05 W/cm2 ya rage kamuwa da cutar ta SARS-CoV-2 da kashi 99.9% a cikin minti ɗaya kawai.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa inganci na   a cikin lalata ƙwayoyin cuta ya dogara da nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da nau'in kwayar cutar, ƙarfin haske, da tsawon lokacin da ake nunawa. Koyaya, bincike ya nuna cewa hasken UVC na iya zama kayan aiki mai amfani don hana yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta kamar mura, coronaviruses na ɗan adam, da SARS-CoV-2.

Ƙuntataccen Hasken UVC

An nuna hasken UVC yana da tasiri wajen kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, amma aikace-aikacen sa yana da iyaka.

●  Na farko, kawai ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke fallasa su kai tsaye ana iya kashe su ciki har da Ruwi . Saboda haka, saman da abubuwan da ba su hulɗa kai tsaye tare da UVC radiation na iya har yanzu ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.

●  Na biyu, kai tsaye zuwa gare shi na tsawon lokaci na iya zama cutarwa ga mutane.Sama da bayyanarwa zai iya haifar da fushin fata, raunin ido, da sauran al'amurran kiwon lafiya. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a bi ka'idodin aminci na hasken UVC kuma tabbatar da cewa ba a fallasa mutane kai tsaye ga hasken.

●  Abu na uku, yana da ikon lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta idan an shafa shi da ƙarfi da tsawon lokaci. Maiyuwa baya yin tasiri wajen kawar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta idan ƙarfin ko tsawon lokacin fallasa bai isa ba.

●  A ƙarshe, UVC radiation bazai yi tasiri a kan duk kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta ba. Wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta na iya zama mafi juriya ga hasken UVC fiye da wasu.

Ba Duk Hasken UV iri ɗaya bane!

Ba duka UV radiation ne daidai tasiri a lalata kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Akwai nau'ikan hasken UV iri-iri, kowannensu yana da tsayin tsayi da kaddarorin. Don fahimtar bambance-bambance tsakanin nau'in hasken UV, ya zama dole don bincika bakan ultraviolet.

UV-A da UV-B

UV-A da UV-B sune sanannun nau'ikan hasken ultraviolet, kuma hasken rana ne da ke isa saman duniya. Koyaya, ana amfani da sauran nau'ikan hasken UV a cikin samfuran da ke lalata iska.

UV-C

UV-C, wanda kuma aka sani da germicidal UV, ya ƙunshi tsayin raƙuman ruwa tsakanin 200 zuwa 280 nanometers. Wannan nau'i ne na al'ada na UV na germicidal wanda masana kimiyya suka yi amfani da shi fiye da karni don lalata ruwa, iska, da saman. UV-C yana lalata da kashe kowane nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, mold, da fungi.

Far-UVC

Far-UVC wani yanki ne na UV-C, wanda ya ƙunshi tsayin raƙuman ruwa tsakanin 207 zuwa 222 nanometers. Far-UVC ya bambanta a cikin cewa an yi imanin ba shi da lahani ga bayyanar ɗan adam. Wannan nau'in haske na musamman yana da kunkuntar bandwidth wanda ke hana shi shiga sama da saman saman epidermis ɗin mu, amma har yanzu yana iya kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. A cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, masana kimiyya sun fara mai da hankali kan UVC mai nisa, don haka bincike kan abubuwan da ke haifar da illa ya fi iyakancewa fiye da na UV-C.

Kusa da UV

Kusa da UV ya ƙunshi da farko na UV-A wavelengths, waɗanda har yanzu suna da wasu kaddarorin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta amma ba za su iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta kamar UV-C ba. A cikin wuraren kiwon lafiya da manyan wuraren kulawa, kusa da hasken ultraviolet na iya taimakawa rage yawan kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta. Waɗannan tsayin igiyoyin suna kusa da bakan haske na bayyane kuma ana tunanin ba su da aminci ga ɗan adam.

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